Realm · approximate borders · 1255–1421

Archbishopric of Riga

Terra Mariana (medieval Livonia) was a confederation of the Livonian Order and four prince-bishoprics. The archbishop's northern lands lay north and east of Riga, from the Daugava to the Salaca (Treyden, Lemsal).

The see was raised to an archbishopric in 1255; the city of Riga itself was often at war with the Order and the archbishop. Sources: Wikipedia 'Archbishopric of Riga', 'Terra Mariana'. Terra Mariana (medieval Livonia) was a confederation of the Livonian Order and four prince-bishoprics. The archbishop's eastern lands lay along and north of the Daugava from Kokenhusen (Koknese) east towards Lake Lubāns and the Russian border. Source: Wikipedia 'Archbishopric of Riga'.

See Archbishopric of Riga on the map in 1255

On the map: 1255–1421
Capital: Riga, later Kokenhusen

Rulers named in the sources

Albert Suerbeer 1245–1273
Johannes I von Lune 1273–1284
Friedrich von Pernstein 1304–1341
Johannes von Wallenrode 1393–1418

Eastern European states, 82 BC – 1952

States of central-eastern and south-eastern Europe, the Baltic and the north-western Caucasus: Burebista's and Decebalus' Dacia, the principality of Abasgia, Rus' Tmutarakan, Circassia until the Russian conquest of 1864, the Emirate of Bari, the Albanian principalities of Arbanon and the Thopia and Skanderbeg's League of Lezhë, Zeta under the Balšići and Crnojevići, Lombard Negroponte, Acciaioli Athens, the Livonian prince-bishoprics of Riga and Ösel–Wiek, the prince-bishops of Montenegro, the wartime Slovak Republic and post-war Poland before 1953. Few of these frontiers were ever surveyed.