Archaeological culture · c. 3300–2600 BCE

Early Harappan (Ravi, Kot Diji and Sothi-Siswal phases)

The formative stage of the Indus civilisation, when regional farming cultures of the Indus plain, Baluchistan and the Ghaggar-Hakra valley grew into walled towns with shared pottery styles, early signs, standard bricks and long-distance trade. It is known by phases named after sites: Ravi and Hakra Ware, Kot Diji in Sindh and Punjab, and Sothi-Siswal on the Ghaggar.

Around 2600 BCE these merged into the Mature Harappan civilisation. From about 3000 BCE the map shows the Indus civilisation as a state.

See Early Harappan (Ravi, Kot Diji and Sothi-Siswal phases) on the map in 3300 BCE →

On the map

3300–3001 BCE