Realm · approximate borders · 332–312 BCE

Salamis (Tamassos)

One of the city-kingdoms of Iron Age Cyprus, listed (with nine others) on the Prism of Esarhaddon (673 BCE) or attested on Persian-period coins; tributary in turn to Assyria, Egypt (c. 570–545 BCE) and the Achaemenids, but ruled by its own kings until Ptolemy I abolished the kingdoms in 312–310 BCE.

No ancient source gives the frontiers between the kingdoms. Sources: Wikipedia 'Ancient history of Cyprus' and the city's article; Shepherd plate 5. The leading kingdom; Evagoras I briefly united most of the island (c. 391–380 BCE). Tamassos (332–312 BCE) was Alexander's gift to Salamis.

See Salamis (Tamassos) on the map in 332 BCE

On the map: 332–312 BCE
Capital: Salamis

Rulers named in the sources

Pnytagoras c. 351–332 BCE
Nicocreon c. 331–311 BCE

States of the Middle East, 2400 BCE–1886

Among the smaller states of Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Arabia, Iran and the South Caucasus were Bronze and Iron Age kingdoms (Ebla, Mari, Yamhad, Kizzuwatna, Arzawa, Ugarit, Aram-Damascus, Ammon, Moab, Edom, Mannaea), the city-kingdoms of Cyprus, Characene, Elymais, Hatra, Kinda and Muhammad's state at Medina; the Caucasian kingdoms and emirates of the 9th–12th centuries (Tbilisi, Lori, Kakheti-Hereti, Syunik, Kars) and the dynasties of the 'Iranian intermezzo' (Sallarids, Rawwadids, Hasanwayhids, Kakuyids, Marwanids, Uqaylids, Mirdasids, Mazyadids, Ikhshidids); the Burids of Damascus, the Nizari Ismaili castles, the atabegs of Azerbaijan, Fars, Luristan and Kerman; the eastern Anatolian beyliks (Saltukids, Mengujekids, Shah-Armens, Artuqids, Eretnids, Kadi Burhan al-Din, Erzincan, Tacettin, Lâdik, Alaiye); the Mamluk pashas of Baghdad; Arabian states from the Sulayhids to the Jabrids, Bani Khalid, Kathiri, Mahra and Lahej; and the South Caucasus khanates of 1747–1828. Few pre-modern sources describe frontiers.