THE WORLD ATLAS

Realm · approximate borders · 1337–1362

Sambuvaraya chiefdom (Tondaimandalam)

Former Chola and Pandya vassals who issued records in their own regnal years in the mid-14th century (Wikipedia 'Sambuvarayar'). Kumara Kampana of Vijayanagara defeated Rajanarayana on his march south (Madhura Vijayam), c.

1362, though some lists run the line to 1375. Extent = northern Tondaimandalam (Palar basin, Ponnaiyar to Pulicat).

See Sambuvaraya chiefdom (Tondaimandalam) on the map in 1337

On the map
1337–1362
Capital
Padaiveedu

Rulers named in the sources

South Asia's regional kingdoms, 1000–1550

Between the Ghaznavid raids and the Mughal conquest, South Asia was shared by dozens of regional states: the Madurai Sultanate in the Tamil country, the sultanates of Gujarat, Malwa and Khandesh, the Reddi and Velama kingdoms of Andhra, the Gajapatis of Odisha, the Rajput kingdoms of Mewar and Marwar, the Ahom, Chutia, Kamata and Tripura kingdoms of the north-east, the successors of the Chera Perumals on the Malabar coast, and the Sinhala kingdoms of Gampola, Kotte and Kandy. Few medieval sources describe frontiers.

Sources