THE WORLD ATLAS

Realm · approximate borders · 1405–1899

Sultanate of Agadez

Tuareg sultanate of Aïr, founded c. 1405 according to oral history (other works give 1449), with its seat at Agadez soon after the town's founding (1413); conquered by Songhai in 1500 and independent again after 1591.

French rule from 1906. Tuareg confederations ranged far beyond the Aïr massif. Source: Wikipedia 'Sultanate of Agadez'.

See Sultanate of Agadez on the map in 1405

On the map
1405–1899
Capital
Tadaliza, then Agadez

Rulers named in the sources

African kingdoms and states, 430–1911

Besides the large empires and the colonial powers, Africa had many other states: the Berber kingdoms of late-Roman Mauretania and the Aurès; the Wolof states of Senegambia, the Fula imamates, Kaabu and the Moorish emirates; Kong, the Mossi kingdoms, Dagbon, Denkyira, Akwamu, Dahomey and Benin; the Hausa kingdoms, Nupe, Kebbi, Agadez, Damagaram and Baguirmi; the Ethiopian, Gibe and Somali sultanates and kingdoms, the Shilluk, Kilwa and Pate; Buganda, Bunyoro, Rwanda and Burundi; Loango, Ndongo, Matamba, Kasanje, Kuba, Luba, Lunda and Kazembe; Mapungubwe, Great Zimbabwe, Mutapa, Butua and the Rozvi; and Maravi, Gaza, the Nguni and Sotho kingdoms, the Lozi and the Sakalava. Dates and rulers come from cited reference articles. Few pre-colonial African frontiers were ever surveyed or described, and many of these states ruled people and trade routes more than fixed territory.

Sources